Understanding Frozen Shoulder: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that affects the shoulder joint, causing pain and stiffness. It occurs when the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint thickens and tightens, limiting its movement.

Causes of Frozen Shoulder

Several factors contribute to the development of frozen shoulder:

1. Injury or Trauma: Previous shoulder injuries, surgeries, or prolonged immobilization can lead to inflammation and tightening of the shoulder joint capsule.
2. Systemic Diseases: Conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, or cardiovascular disease increase the risk.
3. Age and Gender: Adults between 40 and 60 years old, especially women, are more susceptible.

Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

Symptoms typically progress through three stages:

1. Freezing Stage: Gradual onset of pain and stiffness.
2. Frozen Stage: Stiffness peaks, pain persists.
3. Thawing Stage: Pain gradually decreases, with improved shoulder mobility.

Symptoms include persistent shoulder pain, stiffness limiting range of motion, and difficulty with daily activities involving shoulder movement.

Diagnosis of Frozen Shoulder

Diagnosis involves:

1. Medical History: Reviewing symptoms and previous shoulder conditions.
2. Physical Examination: Assessing shoulder range of motion and pain levels.
3. Imaging Studies: X-rays or MRI to visualize changes in the shoulder joint capsule.

Treatment Options for Frozen Shoulder

Treatment aims to alleviate pain, restore shoulder mobility, and improve function:

1. Physical Therapy: Stretching and strengthening exercises.
2. Medications: NSAIDs or corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation.
3. Joint Mobilization: Techniques to improve shoulder mobility.
4. Hydro dilatation: Injecting fluid to stretch the capsule.
5. Surgery: Capsular release in severe cases.

Prevention of Frozen Shoulder:

Maintain shoulder mobility through regular exercises and avoid prolonged immobilization after injury or surgery to reduce the risk.

Frozen shoulder significantly impacts daily life with pain and restricted movement. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options facilitates timely medical intervention and management. With proper care, individuals can achieve improved shoulder function and enhanced quality of life. Consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan if you suspect frozen shoulder symptoms.