What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Trigeminal Neuralgia is a long-term pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve, causing sudden, intense facial pain. This nerve is responsible for sensations in your face, and when pressure is applied to it, either from a blood vessel or other factors, it can lead to sharp, stabbing pain. Activities like chewing, smiling, or even brushing your teeth can trigger these painful episodes. TN, although not life-threatening, can significantly impact daily life.
What are the Symptoms of Trigeminal Neuralgia?
The main symptom of TN is severe, electric shock-like pain in the face, usually on one side. You may also experience facial muscle spasms and other sensations like burning, throbbing, or numbness. The condition is classified into two types, namely:
- Paroxysmal TN: Painful episodes are sudden, intense, and short-lived, with breaks between episodes.
- Continuous TN: A less intense but more persistent form of pain that can last for longer periods.
What Causes Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Trigeminal neuralgia can result from various factors, including pressure on the trigeminal nerve due to a blood vessel or other underlying conditions like multiple sclerosis or tumours. In some cases, TN develops without a clear cause. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, aging, and having a family history of TN.
How is Trigeminal Neuralgia Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider will begin with a detailed review of your symptoms and medical history. Diagnosis may involve a physical and neurological examination, along with a brain MRI to check for causes like a tumours or blood vessel compression. Your provider will aim to rule out other conditions that could cause similar facial pain, such as migraines or TMJ disorders.
What are the Treatment Options for Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Treatment for TN may include a combination of medications, surgeries, or other therapies. Medications like antiseizure drugs (carbamazepine, gabapentin) are often prescribed initially to block pain signals. If medication is ineffective or if secondary TN is diagnosed, surgical options may be recommended, including:
- Microvascular Decompression: Relieves pressure on the trigeminal nerve.
- Radiosurgery: Focuses radiation to block pain signals.
- Rhizotomy: Intentionally damages the nerve root to reduce pain.
- Peripheral Neurectomy: Removes or damages the peripheral branch of the nerve.
Take Control of Your Pain Today
If you’re experiencing facial pain that disrupts your daily life, don’t wait for relief. The Infinity Pain and Spine Clinic offers comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plans to manage trigeminal neuralgia. Schedule a consultation today and take the first step toward a pain-free life. Your health and comfort are our top priorities.
